OSI Model

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Layer	Name	Devices	Functions Protos
7	Application	GW	- tools that accomplish tasks e.g. word processor, -- include, not limited to, file, print, and messaging services.
6	Presentation	GW	- changes the presentation of data from lower layers into a format the upper-layer processes can work with. -- encryption, data compression, redirectors.
5	Session	GW	Establishing, maintaining, breaking sessions, NFS, RPC, ...
4	Transport	GW, Packet Filtering FW	TCP, UDP, SPX, NetBEUI - checks that data delivered error-free. - divides message too long into smaller segments - takes series of short messages, combine into longer segment. sequencing - handles logical address/name resolution.
3	Network (packets)	Router, Packet Filtering FW	IP, IPX, RIP, ICMP, ARP, RARP, OSPF, EGP - Logical network addressing and routing.
2	Data Link (frame)	Router, Bridge	HDLC, SLIP, PPP - Takes raw Physical layer data, gives it logical structure. - Hands frames down to the Physical layer for bit-level encoding - (X.25 and LLC2 used in SNA)
1	Physical (bits)	Hub, Switch, Bridge	Places bits on media
RFC 1918: A 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 (10/8 prefix) RFC 1918: B 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 (172.16/12 prefix) RFC 1918: C 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 (192.168/16 prefix)

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